Incivility experienced by nursing students in relations with nurses during clinical practice / 한국간호교육학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to describe the meaning of incivility experienced by nursing students in relations with nurses during clinical practice. @*Methods@#This is a descriptive qualitative study that included thirty participants using convenience sampling in universities in S, J, Ch, and C provinces. Data saturation was achieved and methodological rigor was established. Qualitative content analysis was used to inductively determine categories. @*Results@#The four categories derived from analysis were ‘left alone at clinical field’, ‘treated as an assistant’, ‘not respected as a person’ and ‘ignored future dreams’. @*Conclusions@#Nursing students continue to carry out repetitive, low-risk tasks, for which they are not properly trained due to the lack of practical guidance in clinical practice. During clinical practice, they are not respected as persons by nurses and are negatively influenced by nurse professionals. A solution to this requires organic cooperation and policy preparation at universities and hospital sites to improve practical training of nursing students.

Subjectivity about Bioethics among Nursing Students with Experience Volunteering in Elderly Care Facilities / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: This study aims to determine the bioethical subjectivity of nursing students with experience volunteering in elderly care facilities, and the characteristics that comprise the types thereof. METHODS: Q methodology, which analyzes the subjectivity of each type, was used. The 37 selected Q statements from 32 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. RESULTS: The survey revealed that the bioethical subjectivity of nursing students with experience volunteering in elderly care facilities can be divided into three types: a rational dignity emphasis, an autonomous right to life belief, and conflict avoidance. All three attitudes regard human beings as possessing dignity, and life and death as elements to be experienced as aspects of human life. Bioethical values are critical to treatment and care; however, it is sometimes also held that humans have the right to commit suicide. CONCLUSION: This study enhanced our awareness of nursing students' bioethics. The findings can be used as a basis for the design of differentiated bioethics education according to each type of bioethical subjectivity. This calls for diverse research on bioethics and the implementation of effective bioethics education.

Effects of Web-based Simulation and High-fidelity Simulation of Acute Heart Disease Patient Care / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of web-based simulation and high-fidelity simulation on acute heart disease patient care. METHODS: The project used a comparative study design with two simulation-based training modalities. A total of 144 nursing students participated in this study: 76 students in a web-based simulation, and 68 students in a high-fidelity simulation. Participants rated their self-efficacy, problem-solving ability, interest in learning, level of stress, satisfaction with the simulation experience, and level of difficulty of the simulation. RESULTS: The scores for self-efficacy, problem-solving ability, and interest in learning including interest in clinical training in the high-fidelity simulation group was higher than in the web-based simulation group. However, there were no significant differences in interest in learning, including interest in nursing knowledge, and in lab training, level of stress, satisfaction with the simulation experience, and level of difficulty of the simulation. CONCLUSION: A high-fidelity simulation of acute heart disease patient care might be beneficial to developing many more abilities for nursing students than would a web-based simulation. Also, since the web-based simulation improved interest in nursing knowledge, it could be a viable alternative to high-fidelity simulation. Further study is needed to verify the effects of varied levels of simulation-based care with more rigorous outcomes.

Factors Influencing Quality of Nursing Service among Clinical Nurses: Focused on Resilience and Nursing Organizational Culture / 임상간호연구

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine nursing organizational culture and resilience and their effects on quality of nursing service. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A convenience sampling method was used to collect data from 199 participants who worked in a tertiary hospital in G city. Demographic and work related variables, quality of nursing service, resilience, and nursing organizational culture were measured using validated self-report questionnaires. RESULTS: All of the participants were women and the majority were staff nurses and single. A statistically significant difference in quality of nursing service was found for age, marital status, educational level, clinical career, position and perceived health status. Age, educational level, clinical career, position, resilience, innovation-oriented culture, relation-oriented culture, and hierarchy-oriented culture were significant predictors of quality of nursing service, explaining 47% of total variance. Among the predictors, resilience was the strongest predictor, followed by innovation-oriented culture, and hierarchy-oriented culture. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that quality of nursing service can be improved by raising individual nurse's resilience and advancing nursing organizational culture. Considering the identified factors, researchers and administrators need to develop and provide clinical nurses with a variety of programs to improve the quality of their nursing service.

Subjectivity About Sexual Ethics Among Korean Undergraduate Students Using Q Methodology

PURPOSE: Most undergraduate students are in the phase of gaining mental and physical autonomy from their parents as they expand their worlds. The ways that sexual ethics are established during this time may have an important influence on healthy lifestyles and the maintenance of social order. This study aims to determine a typology of undergraduate students' sexual ethics and the characteristics that compose the types. METHODS: Q methodology, which analyzes the subjectivity of each type of attitude, was used. The 44 selected Q statements from 43 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. RESULTS: The results revealed three discrete groups of students with respect to sexual ethics: traditional absolute purity type, open-minded compromise type, and rational responsibility type. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that different approaches to educational programs on sexual ethics are recommended for undergraduate students based on the three types studied.

Effects of Integrated Nursing Practice Simulation-based Training on Stress, Interest in Learning, and Problem-Solving Ability of Nursing Students / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: In this study the time point of effects that repeat exposure to simulation-based nursing training has on stress, interest in learning, and problem-solving abilities were identified. METHODS: Participants for this study were 75 nursing college students in Seoul. In a preliminary survey data were collected and measured for the general characteristics, stress, interest in learning, and problem-solving abilities of the students. Then, stress was assessed before performance of each of four-rounds of simulation training scenarios. After each simulation round, interest in learning and problem-solving abilities were assessed. RESULTS: With respect to stress, no significant differences were found when comparing the results of the preliminary survey to those of each of the simulation-based training exercises. For the sub-items of interest in learning, interest in nursing knowledge and interest in clinical training significantly increased between the preliminary survey and the 4th survey. Interest in lab training increased significantly at the 1st survey. Problem solving abilities showed a significant increase from the preliminary at each of the survey points. CONCLUSION: Increasing the exposure of nursing students to simulation-based training enhances their interest in learning and problem-solving abilities. Therefore it is necessary to have education strategies that includes various simulation experiences for students.

Developing Course Outcome to Achieve Exit Outcome: Applying Hauenstein's theory / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop course outcomes for nursing students by applying Hauenstein's theory. METHODS: The research was conducted in three steps as follows: identifying exit outcomes related to the Adult Nursing course, developing Adult Nursing course outcomes based on the theory of Hauenstein, and finalizing Adult Nursing course outcomes. RESULTS: Exit outcomes achievable in Adult Nursing were generated after a needs analysis survey among students, nurses and professors was conducted and subsequently reviewed by professors specializing in the subject. For theoretical courses, the level of the course outcomes was derived from the cognitive domain, whereas, for practical courses, it was derived, in stages, from the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains. Next, using taxonomical terms that can properly address the level of each domain, course outcomes for theoretical and practical courses were determined. After expert opinion was sought, the final course outcome for the Adult Nursing course was produced. CONCLUSION: The results are meaningful in that valid course outcomes were developed through the process described above and are expected to greatly contribute to reaching exit outcomes and strengthen the professional capacity of nursing students.

The Experiences of Nursing Student on Alcoholism Care / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of student nurses during their clinical practice periods in an alcoholic ward. METHODS: A descriptive phenomenological study design was employed. Individual interviews were conducted and audio-taped. Colaizzi's method of data analysis was applied to inductively determine themes and formulated meanings. Data saturation was achieved and methodological rigor was established. RESULTS: Four themes were identified and these themes included anxiety of nursing practice in unfamiliar setting, sympathy with patients, learning about the inpatient alcoholics care, and self-reflection. CONCLUSION: Nursing students had positive and negative experiences in their clinical practice. The results of this study had important implications regarding clinical practice and research for nursing clinical education.

An Analysis of Articles for International Marriage Immigrant Women Related to Health / 農村醫學 地域保健

OBJECTIVES: This study was for analyzing the research about international marriage immigrant women and a trial to find the right direction for future research. METHODS: Sixty articles published from June, 2004 to June, 2009 were reviewed and analyzed according to the general characteristics, major of author, and theme of health domains. RESULTS: Most of them were master's thesis(71.7%) and journals(21.7%) and doctoral dissertation(6.7%) have been published mostly after thesis. Among 83.3% for quantitative research, descriptive(33.3%) and descriptive correlation(41.7%) methods were the most used and there were some qualitative researches(16.7%). The most frequently used data gathering method was questionnaire(81.7%) and the next was interview(16.7%). The major rates of the author were 61.7% for social welfare and 2.1% for nursing. The investigated variables in social health domain were adaptation(28.3%), and communication(1.7%). In psychological health domain, marriage satisfaction(16.7%), life satisfaction(11.7%), and depression(10.0%) were most researched. Utilization of medical center(5.0%) and health promotion behavior(1.7%) were investigated in physical health domain. CONCLUSIONS: Above this, most articles were researched about the adaptation of international marriage immigrant women. But the life in foreign countries can cause physical and psychosocial unhealthy conditions, so many-sided health related researches are supposed to be conducted for adaptation and prevention health problems of international marriage immigrant women.

The Effect of Ethanol Inhalation on Postoperative Nausea in Patients using Patient Controlled Analgesia / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The study was done to investigate the effect of ethanol inhalation on postoperative nausea in patients using Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA). METHODS: The data were collected from June 1st 2006 to September 30th, 2007. The subjects were 70 patients who had had orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia. The levels of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure postoperative nausea. The experimental group was given ethanol inhalation using ethanol pads and the control group received normal saline pads. All participants were instructed to take two deep sniffs with the pad one inch from the nose. This was repeated every five minutes for three doses. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. RESULTS: The study supported all hypotheses. "The experimental group given first dose of ethanol inhalation would have a lower level postoperative nausea compared to the control group"(t = -5.900, p = .000). "The experimental group given second doses of ethanol inhalation would have a lower level postoperative nausea compared to the control group"(t = -7.507, p = .000). "The experimental group given third doses of ethanol inhalation would have a lower level postoperative nausea compared to the control group"(t = -6.685, p = .000). CONCLUSION: According to these results, the ethanol inhalation can be considered an effective nursing intervention for relieving the postoperative nausea in patients using PCA.

Depression According to Health Perception and Health Practice Among the Aged in an Area

PURPOSE: This study was performed to understand health perception, health practice, and depression of the elderly and to identify their depression level according to health perception and health practice. METHOD: The subjects were 463 elders who have lived in the Jeju Island, and data were collected from June to August in 2005. Data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0. RESULT: The mean score of depression was 12.94 out of 30, and had a statistically significant correlation with educational level (F=2.943, p=.033), occupation (F=4.611, p=.010), and the number of chronic diseases (F=5.303, p=.001). When the cutoff of 18 points was applied based on Jung et al. (1997), the depression ratio was 12.4%, and when the cutoff parameter by Yesavage et al (1993) was applied, themoderate depression ratio was 74.8% and the severe depression ratio was 3.4%. In health recognition, consideration of usual health state had a significant correlation with depression (F=3.553, p=.007), but consideration of health state compared to the previous year wasn't. In health practice, sleeping was in a significant correlation with depression (F=3.574, p=.011), but smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise, and rest were not. CONCLUSION: Based on above results, we need further study on another sample group and the development, application, and verification of health management, education, and counseling programs for the elderly. Also, additional research should be made on significant factors of elderly depression.

Correlations among Meta Cognition, Critical Thinking and Self-efficacy of Nursing Students Studying through Problem Based Learning(PBL)

PURPOSE: This study was performed to examine the degree of meta cognition, critical thinking and self-efficacy and to identify correlations among the meta cognition, critical thinking, and self-efficacy of nursing students studying through PBL. METHOD: The subjects were 140 nursing students who had studied through PBL over three terms at C College. Data were collected from August to September, 2005 using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 10.0. RESULTS: The mean score of meta cognition was 40.14 (SD=6.02), critical thinking was 181.46 (SD=14.49), and self-efficacy was 942.93 (SD=167.05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between meta cognition and self-efficacy and age. Also, meta cognition had a positive correlation with appropriateness to nursing and interest in nursing knowledge, and critical thinking had a positive correlation with appropriateness to nursing, interest in nursing knowledge, interest in lab on campus and interest in clinical practicum. There were statistically significant positive correlations among meta cognition, critical thinking and self-efficacy. CONCLUSION: Based on above results, further research should be done about many factors influencing nursing students' problem solving abilities for the development and application of many teaching methods for improving nursing students' meta cognition, critical thinking and self-efficacy.

DNA methylation of Bcl-2 family genes in cancer cells / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: Promoter methylation of Bcl-2 family genes in cancer cells were studied to verify possible correlation between DNA methylation pattern of Bcl-2 family members and cancer. METHODS: The genomic DNAs were extracted from different cancer cell lines, HeLa, CaSki and K562, and ovarian cancer tissue from patients. The cytosine residues were converted to uracil by sodium bisulfite treatment. MSP (methylation specific PCR) was performed to determine the methylation status of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Noxa, and Harakiri promoters. Using primers that distinguish methylated DNA from unmethylated DNA after bisulfite modification of DNA, MSP was conducted to observe the methylation pattern of Bcl-2 family genes in different cancer cells. RESULTS: The promoter regions of Bcl-2 family genes including Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and Noxa were not methylated in cancer cells, whereas the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family gene Harakiri was detected as methylated in the cancer cell lines and hypomethylated in the ovarian cancer tissue. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated the differential methylation profiles of Bcl-2 family genes in cancerous cells, which suggests a possible connection between the methylation pattern of some of Bcl-2 family genes and ovarian cancer.

Development and Application of PBL Module Using Simulator: Focused on Simman / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: This research was done to identify how PBL education using a simulator affects nursing students' critical thinking, self-efficacy, and meta-cognition by applying and developing a PBL module using the Simman simulator. METHOD: With a one group pre-post test design, the research was conducted with a convenience sampling on 66 students in C College on Jeju Island for 8 weeks from August to October, 2005. The collected data on critical thinking, self-efficacy, and meta-cognition were analyzed using T-test. SPSS 10.0 was used to assist analysis. For study-related variables, means and standard deviations were used. RESULTS: The finding of the research showed that most of the students were in favor of use of PBL-in the curriculum with more than 50% of the scores indicating satisfaction with content of the teaching, the teaching method, and self-confidence in nursing. The results also showed that there was an increase in interest among the students regarding campus practical education. CONCLUSION: As the application of the PBL module using the Simman simulator elicited more interest and satisfaction from the students, it is worth using this simulator as a the teaching method to improve the practical education in nursing.

A case of pelvic splenosis after splenectomy: A cause of pelvic pain / 대한산부인과학회지

Splenosis represents the autotransplantation of splenic tissue, after splenic trauma or surgery. These splenic implants may be located anywhere in the abdominal cavity. These implants may misinterpreted as endometriosis or malignancy. We present a case of multiple pelvic splenic implants after a splenectomy.

A Case of T3 Thyrotoxicosis developed after Cesarean Section / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Thyroid storm (thyrotoxicosis) is rarely encountered during pregnancy or the puerperium, even in untreated women and characterized by hypertension, hyperthermia, and multiple systems involvement. Much more common is heart failure, apparently caused by the long-term myocardial effects of thyroid hormone and intensified by other pregnancy complications that include severe preeclampsia, infection, anemia, or combinations of these. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of thyroid storm are essential in reducing morbidity and mortality of a patient from this disorder. We experienced a case of triiodothyroxine induced thyroid storm (T3 thyrotoxicosis) developed after Cesarean section. This case highlights both physicians should be aware of the symptoms and risk factors and reversing of heart failure successfully by reducing cardiac workload is important through immediate medical treatment - adequate hydration, thermoregulation, and control of hypertension, infection and anemia et al.

Two Cases of Accessory Fallopian Tube / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Accessory tubes are a congenital and developmental Mullerian duct abnormality of fallopian tubes. Due to their morphological abnormality, the accessory tubes predispose to the occurrence of ectopic pregnancy, infertility and tubal torsion among others and can lead to life-threatening conditions. We are reporting two recent cases of tubal pregnancies with accessory tubes together with literature reviews.

A Study on the Leukopenia during Chemotherapy in Patients with Gynecologic Malignancies / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

The recent introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of the gynecologic malignancies has gained wide acceptance along with preoperative and postoperative adjuvant therapy and with preradiation and concurrent chemoradiaton therapy. But, the side effects of chemotherapy including bleeding and infection due to bone marrow suppression have resulted in increased morbidity and mortality of the patients and delayed treatment and a reduction in the chemotherapeutic agents used. In spite of the development of antibiotics and the supportive care of infection, sustained leukopenia in the patients during chemotherapy accounts for the high mortality rate due to sepsis. The early detection of the leukopenia during chemotherapy may enable clinicians to overcome infection problems by timely use of prophylactic broad spectrum antibiotics and G-CSF or GM-CSF. The author investigated the grade, duration, time of onset and other clinical features of the leukopenia and the effects of the age (> or =60 years vs or =3 cycles vs or =60 years, n=13) and younger patients ( <60 years, n=66) about the severity, duration and time of onset of leukopenia. 4. No significant difference was found between the patients with more than 3 cycles of chemotherapy (n=40) and less than 3 cycles (n=39) about the severity, duration and time of onset of leukopenia. 5. Febrile leukopenic cases (n=6) had significantly lower granulocyte count, longer leukopenic period and earlier onset of leukopenia than afebrile (n=73). 6. It is thought that performance status scale does not affect the grade of leukopenia, onset of leukopenia and the leukopenic period.

Endometrial and Corporal Extension in Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical significance of endometrial and corporal extensions of Carcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS: The 273 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy between Jan 1983 to May 1998 were included in this study and endometrial and corporal extension was examined by pathologic report. Then, clinical characteristics such as age, stage, tumor size, geographic contour, the lymph node and parametrial invasions, recurrence rate, and 5 year-survival rate were compared between extension(n=30) and non-extension(n=243) group. Pearson chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Kaplan-mayer survival analysis were used for calculation of statistical significance between two group. p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be clinically significant. RESULTS: The incidence of endometrial and corporal extension in this locally advanced cervical cancer group was 11% (30/273). The endometrial and corporal extension were closely related with advanced stage, larger cervical tumor mass, endophytic type, and pelvic lymph node metastasis. However, 5-year disease free survival rates or 5-year actuarial survival rates did not show statistically significant differences between extension and non-extension group (7S% vs 83% and 81% vs 84%, respectively) CONCLUSION: The endometrial and corporal extension were closely associated to high risk factors of advanced cervical cancer. Though its clinical significance for poor outcome were not proved in this study, prospective study with more patients is needed to clarify its clinical significance.

Prenatal Diagnosis with Genetic Amniocentesis / 대한주산의학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: Amniocentesis for the diagnosis of prenatal genetic abnormalities is now the standard care for women who are at special risk. because the application of population-based maternal serum screening to prenatal diagnosis is now widespread, we can estimate the trend change of amniocentesis indications. METHODS: Four hundred twenty eight women who were attending the antenaltal clinic of Hanyang University Hospital had a amniocentesis between January 1992 and June 1997. The result were analyzed in reference to indication of amniocentesis, gestational age, pregnancy outcome and karyotype. RESULT: The major indications were abnormal maternal serum marker(53.3%), advanced maternal age(23.8%), previous fetal chromosomal anomaly(7.9%) and the most common age distribution at amniocentesis was 25-29 years(37.9%). The pregnancy outcome was full-term delivery(84.2%), preterm delivery(13.7%), spontaneous abortion(1.4%) and termination of pregnancy(0.7%). Among the 33 cases(7.7%) of abnormal karyotype, structural aberration was 21 cases(4.9%) and numerical aberration was 12 cases(2.8%). Among the numerical aberration, six cases of trisomy 21, five cases of Klinefelter syndrome, and one case of Turner syndrome were found. Among the structural aberration, insertion was most common(nine cases), and seven cases of inversion, four cases of translocation and one case of deletion were found. CONCLUSION: This is a report of genetic amniocentesis, with analysis of the indication, gestational age, karyotype results and complication.